Argon2 for V

A complete, RFC 9106 compliant implementation of the Argon2 password hashing algorithm in V.

Features

• ✅ Complete Implementation : All three Argon2 variants (Argon2i, Argon2d, Argon2id)
• ✅ RFC 9106 Compliant : Matches official test vectors exactly
• ✅ PHC String Format : Full support for Password Hashing Competition string format
• ✅ Security : Constant-time operations and proper memory management
• ✅ Performance : Optimized compression function based on Blake2b
• ✅ Test-Driven : Comprehensive test suite with official vectors

Quick Start

Simple API (Recommended)

import fleximus.argon2
import crypto.rand

// Generate a secure random salt
salt := rand.bytes(16) or { panic(err) } // 128-bit salt

// Hash with secure defaults (Argon2id, t=3, m=64MB, p=4)
hash := argon2.hash('mypassword'.bytes(), salt) or { panic(err) }
println(hash) // $argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$...

// Verify password (auto-detects variant)
is_valid := argon2.verify(hash, 'mypassword'.bytes()) or { panic(err) }
if is_valid {
    println('Password verified!')
}

Custom Parameters

import fleximus.argon2

// Hash with custom parameters
hash := argon2.hash_with_params(2, // t_cost: 2 iterations
 32768, // m_cost: 32 MB memory
 2, // parallelism: 2 threads
 'mypassword'.bytes(), // password
 'somesalt'.bytes(), // salt
 32 // hashlen: 32-byte output
 ) or { panic(err) }

// Verify (still auto-detects variant)
is_valid := argon2.verify(hash, 'mypassword'.bytes()) or { panic(err) }

API Reference

Default Functions (Recommended)

Simple Hash Function

import fleximus.argon2

// Hash with secure defaults: Argon2id, t=3, m=64MB, p=4, 128-bit salt, 256-bit output
// The default hash function uses Argon2id for maximum security
password := 'mypassword'.bytes()
salt := 'mysalt1234567890'.bytes() // 16 bytes for default security
hash := argon2.hash(password, salt) or { panic(err) }

Hash with Custom Parameters

import fleximus.argon2

// Hash with custom parameters using Argon2id
password := 'mypassword'.bytes()
salt := 'mysalt123456789'.bytes()
hash := argon2.hash_with_params(3, // t_cost: Time cost (iterations)
 65536, // m_cost: Memory cost (KB)
 1, // parallelism: Parallelism degree
 password, // Password bytes
 salt, // Salt bytes (min 8 bytes)
 32 // hashlen: Output hash length
 ) or { panic(err) }

Universal Verify Function

import fleximus.argon2

// Verify password against any Argon2 PHC string (auto-detects variant)
encoded := r'$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=1$...'
password := 'mypassword'.bytes()
is_valid := argon2.verify(encoded, password) or { panic(err) }

Advanced Hash Functions

Argon2id (Recommended)

import fleximus.argon2

// Generate encoded hash
password := 'mypassword'.bytes()
salt := 'mysalt123456789'.bytes()
hash := argon2.hash_id(3, // t_cost: Time cost (iterations)
 65536, // m_cost: Memory cost (KB)
 1, // parallelism: Parallelism degree
 password, // Password bytes
 salt, // Salt bytes (min 8 bytes)
 32 // hashlen: Output hash length
 ) or { panic(err) }

// Generate raw hash
hash_raw := argon2.hash_id_raw(3, // t_cost: Time cost (iterations)
 65536, // m_cost: Memory cost (KB)
 1, // parallelism: Parallelism degree
 password, // Password bytes
 salt, // Salt bytes (min 8 bytes)
 32 // hash_len: Output hash length
 ) or { panic(err) }

// Verify password against the generated hash
is_valid := argon2.verify_id(hash, password) or { panic(err) }

Argon2i (Data-Independent)

import fleximus.argon2

// For side-channel resistant environments
password := 'mypassword'.bytes()
salt := 'mysalt123456789'.bytes()

// Generate hash first
hash := argon2.hash_i(3, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or { panic(err) }
hash_raw := argon2.hash_i_raw(3, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or { panic(err) }

// Verify password against the generated hash
is_valid := argon2.verify_i(hash, password) or { panic(err) }

Argon2d (Data-Dependent)

import fleximus.argon2

// For maximum resistance against GPU attacks
password := 'mypassword'.bytes()
salt := 'mysalt123456789'.bytes()

// Generate hash first
hash := argon2.hash_d(3, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or { panic(err) }
hash_raw := argon2.hash_d_raw(3, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or { panic(err) }

// Verify password against the generated hash
is_valid := argon2.verify_d(hash, password) or { panic(err) }

Parameter Guidelines

Use Case	t_cost	m_cost	parallelism
High Security	3-4	65536-131072	1-4
Interactive	2-3	32768-65536	1-2
Low Latency	1-2	16384-32768	1

Constants

import fleximus.argon2

// Parameter limits
println('Min output: ${argon2.min_outlen}') // 4 bytes
println('Max output: ${argon2.max_outlen}') // 2^32-1 bytes
println('Min salt: ${argon2.min_salt_length}') // 8 bytes
println('Min memory: ${argon2.min_memory}') // 8 blocks (32 KB)
println('Sync points: ${argon2.sync_points}') // 4 synchronization points

// Recommended defaults
println('Default t_cost: ${argon2.default_t_cost}') // 3 iterations
println('Default m_cost: ${argon2.default_m_cost}') // 65536 KB (64 MB)
println('Default parallelism: ${argon2.default_parallelism}') // 4 threads
println('Default hash len: ${argon2.default_hash_len}') // 32 bytes

Examples

Password Registration

import fleximus.argon2
import crypto.rand

fn register_user(username string, password string) !string {
    // Generate random salt (128 bits)
    salt := rand.bytes(16) or { return err }

    // Hash password with secure defaults
    hash := argon2.hash(password.bytes(), salt) or { return err }

    // Store username and hash in database
    println('User: ${username}')
    println('Hash: ${hash}')

    return hash
}

Password Authentication

import fleximus.argon2

fn authenticate_user(stored_hash string, password string) !bool {
    // Auto-detects Argon2 variant and verifies
    return argon2.verify(stored_hash, password.bytes())
}

// Usage
hash := r'$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$...$...'
is_valid := authenticate_user(hash, 'user_password') or { false }
if is_valid {
    println('Login successful!')
} else {
    println('Invalid password!')
}

Custom Parameters

import fleximus.argon2

fn hash_with_custom_params() !string {
    return argon2.hash_with_params(4, // t_cost: 4 iterations for extra security
     131072, // m_cost: 128 MB memory usage
     2, // parallelism: Use 2 threads
     'secret'.bytes(), // password
     'unique_salt_16_bytes!'.bytes(), // salt
     64 // hashlen: 64-byte output
     )
}

Variant Comparison

import fleximus.argon2

fn compare_variants() {
    password := 'test_password'.bytes()
    salt := 'random_salt_16_b'.bytes() // Exactly 16 bytes

    println('Comparing Argon2 variants...')

    // Test each variant individually with error handling
    println('Testing Argon2i...')
    hash_i := argon2.hash_i_raw(2, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or {
        eprintln('Argon2i failed: ${err}')
        return
    }

    println('Testing Argon2d...')
    hash_d := argon2.hash_d_raw(2, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or {
        eprintln('Argon2d failed: ${err}')
        return
    }

    println('Testing Argon2id...')
    hash_id := argon2.hash_id_raw(2, 65536, 1, password, salt, 32) or {
        eprintln('Argon2id failed: ${err}')
        return
    }

    // Display results
    println('Results:')
    println('Argon2i:  ${hash_i.hex()}')
    println('Argon2d:  ${hash_d.hex()}')
    println('Argon2id: ${hash_id.hex()}')
}

Security Considerations

1. Use Argon2id for most applications (hybrid security)
2. Use Argon2i in side-channel sensitive environments
3. Use Argon2d for maximum GPU resistance (not recommended for most uses)
4. Generate random salts (minimum 8 bytes, recommended 16+ bytes)
5. Adjust parameters based on your security vs. performance requirements
6. Use constant-time comparison when verifying hashes

Performance

The implementation is optimized for correctness and security. Performance characteristics:

• Memory : Configurable from 32 KB to 4 GB
• CPU : Scales with t_cost parameter
• Parallelism : Supports multi-threading (p > 1)

Benchmark on typical hardware (adjust parameters based on your requirements):

• t=2, m=65536, p=1: ~100ms
• t=3, m=65536, p=1: ~150ms
• t=2, m=131072, p=1: ~200ms

Testing

Run the comprehensive test suite:

v test .

The library includes:

• Official RFC 9106 test vectors
• Parameter variation tests
• Input variation tests
• Error condition tests
• PHC string format tests

Algorithm Details

This implementation follows RFC 9106 exactly:

1. Initial Hash (H₀) : Blake2b of parameters and inputs
2. Memory Initialization : Generate first blocks using Blake2b-long
3. Memory Filling :
   • Argon2i: Data-independent addressing with precomputed indices
   • Argon2d: Data-dependent addressing using previous block
   • Argon2id: Hybrid approach combining both methods
4. Compression : fBlaMka function with Blake2 rounds
5. Finalization : XOR last blocks and Blake2b-long for output

License

MIT License - see LICENSE file for details.

Contributing

Contributions welcome! Please ensure:

• All tests pass
• New features include tests
• Code follows V style guidelines
• Security considerations are documented